The growing rural-to-urban migration, which is dominated by young people aged 15–35, is increasing the urban youth unemployment rate and driving the escalation of urban poverty in Tanzania.1 Using the national definition, the employment rate for urban youth aged 15–24 and 25–35 was 39.1 per cent and 69.5 per cent, respectively, in 2006 (NBS, 2007: 24). In Dar-es-Salaam, the country’s main urban centre, the total unemployment rate for those aged 15 and above was 31.5 per cent. Urban unemployment rates are consistently and significantly higher in urban areas compared to the national average of 11.7 per cent. Youth unemployment rates were also higher among those aged 15–24 (14.9 per cent) and 25–34 (11.8 per cent), versus those aged 35–64 (9.6 per cent) and 65 and above (9.2 per cent).
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