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Given the limited capacity for effective tax enforcement and monitoring in developing countries, taxpayers’ trust in the tax system is essential for fostering voluntary tax compliance. Since businesses account for a substantial portion of tax revenues, this paper examines the factors that predict trust in the tax authority, drawing on
REPOA would like to extend its sincere gratitude for the financial support provided by the Green Economy Coalition (GEC) secretariat in London through ACODE to develop this working paper. The work presented in this paper has been funded by the MAVA Foundation through the Economics for Nature (E4N) programme. This
There are conflicting research findings on women’s empowerment because of different methods and populations. Some scholars discovered that over time women’s income control has increased, while others have not found any increase. To shed more light on the phenomenon, this research examines the extent and predictors of women’s independence on
This study examines the impact of COVID-19 on educational inequalities in primary schools in Tanzania, focusing on student enrolment and learning behaviour, teacher engagement, and the application of information and communications technology (ICT), in 26 primary schools. Despite government efforts to provide free education and reduce inequalities, disparities persist, particularly
The authors’ motivation for this research and so this Working Paper was on their conceptualisation of revenue bargaining as it hones in on political dynamics whereby the interests and power of members of government and of different revenue providers take center stage. A political settlement approach that conceptualises political dynamics
Campaign financing is defined as money and other resources used by parties and candidates during primary, parliamentary, or presidential elections to secure nomination and election to political office. In this paper, we develop a demand-supply framework for analysing and understanding such financing in newly democratising poor countries, exemplified by Tanzania
Since the introduction of the Skills Development Levy (SDL) in Tanzania, the financing of skills training has been contested. The private sector has raised concerns about the size of the levy and the usefulness of training provided by VET centres, and has accused the government of misallocation and misuse of
The gap between national export premium and foreign-ownership premium is stronger in manufacturing firms as opposed to service sectors. Moreover, we find clear and strong productivity premia in size, training programmes and level of development in the manufacturing firms. In the services sector, these premia are always smaller and only
The aim of this paper is twofold. Building on Andreoni (2018), we first aim to evaluate the current incentive structures that cause existing inefficiencies and encourage rule-breaking behaviour. Second, we seek to test empirically a number of institutional design strategies for the sector that would better align the incentives of
The recent discovery of huge oil and gas reserves in Tanzania has created a new opportunity for economic growth and development of the country. Tanzania is expected to be one of the leading producers and exporters of natural gas in the coming decade. However, 88 percent of poor Tanzanians live
This study has explored how quality issues in delivering family planning services (supply side), and attitudinal and behavioural issues of the potential users (demand side) merge together to influence adoption of family planning methods. The subject was explored by blending Bruce’s (1990) quality of care of family planning services framework
We use methods developed by the Commitment to Equity and data from the 2011/12 Household Budget Survey to assess the effects of government taxation, social spending, and indirect subsidies for poverty and inequality in Tanzania. We also simulate several policy reforms to assess their distributional consequences. We find that Tanzania
Through a Tanzanian case study, this paper challenges the claim, along with the statistics that support it, that self-employment is the dominant employment status in the informal economy. The paper begins by reviewing key insights from the relevant literature on the informal economy to argue that conventional notions of ‘wage
Challenges and the way forward Tanzania’s industrial sector has evolved through various stages since independence in 1961, from nascent and undiversified to state-led import substitution industrialization, and subsequently to de-industrialization under the structural adjustment programmes and policy reforms. The current development agenda, however, has brought industrial development back to be
Patterns of Accumulation and Structural Change This working paper explores past processes of economic transformation in Tanzania, particularly since the economic reforms of the 1980s. The paper starts with the premise that it is not sufficient to look at the evolution of the rate of economic growth to assess the
This paper explores the concept of economic transformation and investigates its relevance to present-day policy debates in Tanzania. This paper, therefore, is conceptual in nature and starts by taking a critical look at a homemade definition of economic transformation. It then presents a brief literature review of the concept of